Osservazioni sul concetto di degenerazione nell’antropologia di Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13129/2785-0919/argo.3195Keywords:
Razza, istinto, degenerazione, Blumenbach, Kant, Race, instinct, degenerationAbstract
Nella concezione antropologica di Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, il concetto di degenerazione presuppone la formazione di deviazioni rispetto a una forma umana originaria, quella bianca caucasica, la quale conserva i caratteri del prototipo scaturito direttamente dalle mani di Dio. La degenerazione genera una varietà stabile a causa del contatto con un determinato clima. Tuttavia, nel corso degli anni ottanta e novanta, attraverso il concetto di Bildungstrieb, si compie l’avvicinamento di Blumenbach a Kant. Progressivamente, grazie al filosofo di Königsberg, Blumenbach assume il concetto di razza a discapito di quello buffoniano di varietà.
According to Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, the concept of degeneration requires the formation of deviations compared with an original human form. The White Caucasians are the original form, retaining characteristics which came forth from the hands of God. All degenerations become varieties under the influence of the climate. However, in the eighties and the nineties of the eighteenth century, thanks to the concept of Bildungstrieb, Blumenbach approached Kant’s racial theories. In the light of the latter, Blumenbach gradually employs the concept of race to the detriment of that of variety.
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