A scuola di nonviolenza con Idana Pescioli (1922-2016)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13129/2785-0919/2024.1.59-67Abstract
La maestra Idana Pescioli si impegnò costantemente affinché nella scuola italiana del secondo dopoguerra si realizzasse una cultura della pace ispirata alla nonviolenza gandhiana, che ella elaborava attraverso lo sguardo di Aldo Capitini. La nonviolenza, stile di vita e pratica educativa, doveva diventare realtà concreta nella scuola della Pescioli, già insegnante di scuola elementare e poi impegnata nella sperimentazione pedagogica presso l’Università di Firenze. Dal confronto tra le due pedagogie della nonviolenza, quella di Capitini e quella della Pescioli, emergono molte affinità ma anche alcune differenze che restituiscono la complessità e l’originalità delle idee della Pescioli in merito ad una scuola dell’infanzia intesa quale luogo di promozione di cittadinanza consapevole che abbia come fine la costruzione di una democrazia partecipata, espressione della capitiniana compresenza di tutti. Per Idana Pescioli non si trattava di aggiungere la nonviolenza all’educazione, come suggeriva Capitini, ma di riconoscere che l’educazione o è azione nonviolenta o non è educazione.
Idana Pescioli worked to create a culture of peace inspired by Gandhian nonviolence in the Italian school of the second post-war period, that she elaborated through the Aldo Capitini’s perspective. Nonviolence, as a lifestyle and as an educational practice, became a concrete reality in thePescioli’s school; first when she was a primary school teacher and then when she was engaged in the pedagogical experimentation at the University of Florence. Through the comparison between the Capitini’s and Pescioli’s nonviolent perspectives, many similarities emerge but also some differences that explain the complexity and the originality of Pescioli’s ideas about a primary school as a place where promote an aware citizenship for the construction of a participatory democracy, an expression of the Capitinian co-presence of every human being. Idana Pescioli did not add nonviolence to education, as Capitini suggested, but to recognize that education is nonviolent practice or is not education.
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